{"id":2822,"date":"2025-01-06T14:41:52","date_gmt":"2025-01-06T19:41:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ottawainnercityhealth.ca\/?page_id=2822"},"modified":"2025-02-07T13:49:38","modified_gmt":"2025-02-07T18:49:38","slug":"harm-reduction-supplies","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ottawainnercityhealth.ca\/harm-reduction-supplies\/","title":{"rendered":"Harm Reduction Supplies"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Harm Reduction Supplies<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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The following is a list of common harm reduction equipment. In Ottawa, you can pick these supplies up free of cost from our SCS, the Trailer, which is open 24\/7.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Alternatively, you can acquire free harm reduction supplies from:<\/span><\/p>

Site Mobile Harm Reduction Van<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>

Sandy Hill Community Health Centre<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>

Ottawa Public Health<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>

Somerset West Community Health Centre<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Syringes<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Around 1.2 million people who use drugs live with HIV, and another 10 million are infected with HCV (1).<\/span> One of the major causes of infection transmission among this population is needle sharing (1)<\/span>. Until recently, access to needle exchange and SITE distribution programs was not as widespread. The provision of sterile syringes has been a crucial part of harm reduction, and is associated with decreases in syringe sharing and infection rates (2).<\/span>\u00a0Syringes come either short-tipped or long-tipped, depending on user preferences.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Vitamin C<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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In order to break down certain drugs, such as crack cocaine, into an injectable liquid, an acidifier needs to be used. Vitamin C is by far the safest option for this purpose, as alternatives like lemon juice and vinegar can cause infection and vein damage (3).<\/span> Though vitamin C is recommended, it is important to know that any acidifier can cause vein damage (3).<\/span>\u00a0Thus, using as little as possible is important in preparing drugs for injection. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Sterile Water<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Sterile water is mixed with the drug to create an injectable liquid. It is crucial to use sterile water rather than other water sources (ex. saliva, tape water, puddles) to prevent infection (4).<\/span>\u00a0It is also important to know that using alcohol instead can increase the risk of overdose, especially when combined with sedatives like fentanyl (4).<\/span>\u00a0Thus, sterile water is the recommended liquid to use when preparing substances for injection.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Cookers<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Metal cookers are used to prepare the drug for injection. Sterile water, the drug, and in some cases, vitamin C, are added to the cooker. The mixture is then cooked using a heat source, such as a lighter. In order to prevent infection, a new cooker should be used each time. If a cooker must be reused, it is important to cook the mixture for at least 10 seconds (5). Additionally, it is important to remember that even if you are not sharing needles, sharing cookers can also cause infection transmission (5). Therefore, you should only use a cooker once, and avoid sharing it with others.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Filters<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Using filters can help mitigate various complications of injection drug use. After a drug is cooked and prepared for injection, it is important to use a filter when drawing the mixture into a syringe. These filters help reduce the risk of injecting impurities and foreign materials, which can cause infection and injury (6).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Straight Stem<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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A straight stem pipe can be used to inhale various substances, most commonly crack cocaine. It is safer than alternatives such as pipes made from copper, plastic, and soda cans, as these can emit toxic fumes when heated. It is also better than using glass pipes made from items like syringes or bulbs, as these are more susceptible to breaking and can cause injury (7).<\/span>\u00a0Though many are aware of the risks of sharing needles, it is equally important to not share pipes, as this can also cause infection transmission (8).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Brass Screens\u200b<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Brass screens are folded and pushed into a stem pipe to hold the drugs in place and prevent inhalation of drug fragments. Many people who smoke drugs still use commercial steel wool products, such as Brillo instead (9). It is important to know that these products can cause various health risks, including inhaling chemicals and bits of steel wool itself (9). As well, brass screens have been shown to retain more drugs than steel wool, meaning that less drugs are wasted (9).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Glass Bowl\/ Bubble Pipe<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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These glass pipes are similar to straight stems, but have a bowl at the end that holds the drug being inhaled. These specialized pipes also reduce the risk of using unsafe alternatives that emit toxic fumes or can cause injury (7).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hose\/ Mouthpiece<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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These vinyl tubes are commonly referred to as hoses by people who smoke drugs. They are intended to protect the mouth from injury, burns, and infection (10).<\/span>\u00a0Using hoses also allows for more private and discreet use. The length of hoses varies depending on preference.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Wooden Push Sticks<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Wooden push sticks are used to pack brass screens into straight stem pipes. Plastic syringe plungers are often used as an alternative, which poses the possibility of inhaling melted plastic and syringe misuse (10).<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Provision of wooden push sticks helps to mitigate these risks.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Alcohol Swabs<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Alcohol swabs are an important harm reduction product that can be used to sanitize many items prior to drug use. This includes hands, pipes, syringes, and injection sites. It is important to not reuse alcohol swabs (7).<\/span> Properly cleaning both the syringe and injection site prior to use is essential to prevent infection and injury, as licking the needle tip or injection site is linked to abscess and cellulitis (4). <\/span>Drug supplies (pipes, syringes) should never be shared, even if they are sanitized with an alcohol swab. You should also avoid reusing gear whenever possible.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Foil<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Foil can be used to smoke various drugs. Additionally, it can be used to make a makeshift bowl pipe with a straight stem. Foil is often distributed to encourage injection drug users to switch to inhalation, which is associated with less risks (11).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Tourniquets<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Tourniquets are tightly wrapped around the arm using a slipknot to pop out veins, resulting in easier access and visibility (12).<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>This helps to reduce the repercussions of regular drug use on the veins, and makes it easier for people with damaged and collapsed veins to safely inject drugs. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Condoms and Lubricants<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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While many people might not immediately think of condoms and lubricants as harm reduction, they have many important purposes. Provision of condoms helps to reduce the transmission of sexually transmitted infections, such as HIV, when used consistently and properly (13).<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Additionally, lubricant helps to prevent injury and improve sexual health and well-being (14).<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Condom and lubricant distribution is especially crucial for certain groups within the population of people who use drugs, notably sex workers and people living with HIV.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Intranasal Straws<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Intranasal straws are used for snorting powdered drugs and\/or inhaling vapors. They should be single-use and disposed of immediately to prevent the spread of blood-borne viruses like hepatitis C and bacteria such as MRSA, as sharing or reusing straws increases the risk of transmitting infections due to potential blood transfer from nasal cuts. Additionally, using straws instead of rigid devices can reduce the risk of injury to the nasal passages (15).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t

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References<\/h6>
    1. Fernandes, R. M., Cary, M., Duarte, G., Jesus, G., Alarc\u00e3o, J., Torre, C., Costa, S., Costa, J., & Carneiro, A. V. (2017). Effectiveness of needle and syringe Programmes in people who inject drugs – An overview of systematic reviews. <\/span>BMC Public Health<\/span><\/i>, <\/span>17<\/span><\/i>(1), 309\u2013315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-017-4210-2<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>
    2. Kerr, T., Small, W., Bucher, C., Zhang, R., LI, K., Montaner, J., & Wood, E. (2010). Syringe Sharing and HIV Incidence Among Injection Drug Users and Increased Access to Sterile Syringes. <\/span>American Journal of Public Health (1971)<\/span><\/i>, <\/span>100<\/span><\/i>(8), 1449\u20131453. <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/AJPH.2009.178467<\/a><\/strong><\/li>
    3. Harris, M., Scott, J., Wright, T., Brathwaite, R., Ciccarone, D., & Hope, V. (2019). Injecting-related health harms and overuse of acidifiers among people who inject heroin and crack cocaine in London: a mixed-methods study. <\/span>Harm Reduction Journal<\/span><\/i>, <\/span>16<\/span><\/i>(1), 60\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12954-019-0330-6<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>
    4. Harris, M., Scott, J., Hope, V., Wright, T., McGowan, C., & Ciccarone, D. (2020). Navigating environmental constraints to injection preparation: the use of saliva and other alternatives to sterile water among unstably housed PWID in London. <\/span>Harm Reduction Journal<\/span><\/i>, <\/span>17<\/span><\/i>(1), 24\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12954-020-00369-0<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>
    5. Ball, L. J., Venner, C., Tirona, R. G., Arts, E., Gupta, K., Wiener, J. C., Koivu, S., & Silverman, M. S. (2019). Heating Injection Drug Preparation Equipment Used for Opioid Injection May Reduce HIV Transmission Associated With Sharing Equipment. <\/span>Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 81<\/span><\/i>(4), e127\u2013e134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/QAI.0000000000002063<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>
    6. Keijzer, L., & Imbert, E. (2011). The filter of choice: filtration method preference among injecting drug users. <\/span>Harm Reduction Journal<\/span><\/i>, <\/span>8<\/span><\/i>(1), 20\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1477-7517-8-20<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>
    7. Interior Health. (n.d.).<\/span> Harm reduction supplies: Safer smoking supplies.<\/span><\/i> https:\/\/www.interiorhealth.ca\/sites\/default\/files\/PDFS\/handout-safer-smoking-supplies.pdf<\/a><\/strong><\/li>
    8. Cheng, T., Wood, E., Nguyen, P., Montaner, J., Kerr, T., & DeBeck, K. (2015). Crack pipe sharing among street-involved youth in a Canadian setting. Drug and Alcohol Review, 34(3), 259\u2013266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dar.12180<\/strong><\/a>
      <\/span><\/li>
    9. Diak, B. J., Miskovic, M., Zurba, N., & Beaumont, D. (2023). Not all screens are created equal: examination of surface features and other physical properties of commonly used screen materials for smoking drugs. Harm Reduction Journal, 20(1), 68\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12954-023-00794-x<\/strong><\/a>
      <\/span><\/li>
    10. Ti, L., Buxton, J., Wood, E., Zhang, R., Montaner, J., & Kerr, T. (2011). Difficulty accessing crack pipes and crack pipe sharing among people who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada. Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy, 6, 34. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1747-597X-6-34<\/strong><\/a>
      <\/span><\/li>
    11. Pizzey, R., & Hunt, N. (2008). Distributing foil from needle and syringe programmes (NSPs) to promote transitions from heroin injecting to chasing: an evaluation. Harm Reduction Journal, 5(1), 24\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1477-7517-5-24<\/strong><\/a>
      <\/span><\/li>
    12. Peckham, A. M., & Young, E. H. (2020). Opportunities to Offer Harm Reduction to People who Inject Drugs During Infectious Disease Encounters: Narrative Review. Open forum infectious diseases, 7(11), ofaa503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofaa503<\/strong><\/a>
      <\/span><\/li>
    13. CATIE. (2024, April 30). Condoms for the prevention of HIV transmission. https:\/\/www.catie.ca\/condoms-for-the-prevention-of-hiv-transmission<\/strong><\/a>
      <\/span><\/li>
    14. Kennedy, C. E., Yeh, P. T., Li, J., Gonsalves, L., & Narasimhan, M. (2022). Lubricants for the promotion of sexual health and well-being: a systematic review. Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters, 29(3), 2044198\u20132044198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/26410397.2022.2044198<\/strong><\/a>
      <\/span><\/li>
    15. BCCDC Harm Reduction Services. (2021, August 11). Harm reduction supply program – launch of paper straws. Toward the Heart. https:\/\/towardtheheart.com\/update\/harm-reduction-supply-program-launch-of-paper-straws <\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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      \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Harm Reduction Supplies The following is a list of common harm reduction equipment. In Ottawa, you can pick these supplies up free of cost from our SCS, the Trailer, which […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-2822","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nHarm Reduction Supplies - Ottawa Inner City Health Inc.<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Explore the work we do to address the health and well being of people who are impacted by the housing crisis and the toxic drug supply.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ottawainnercityhealth.ca\/harm-reduction-supplies\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Harm Reduction Supplies - 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